Healthcare Economics and Policy in Diabetic Foot Care

Anand Shankar

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijde.20251004.12

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Healthcare Economics and Policy in Diabetic Foot Care

Anand Shankar^*

Published in International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology (Volume 10, Issue 4)

Received: 12 September 2025 Accepted: 25 September 2025 Published: 31 October 2025

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Abstract

Background: Diabetic foot ailment is a severe and multifaceted complication of diabetes mellitus that imposes significant scientific, economic, and societal burdens worldwide. Its high prevalence, coupled with complications such as ulcers, infections, and amputations, contributes substantially to morbidity, mortality, and reduced quality of life. Aim: This chapter aims to examine diabetic foot care through the perspectives of health-care economics and policy, highlighting the global burden, associated costs, and strategies to improve outcomes. Methods: The chapter reviews epidemiological data on diabetic foot disease, analyses the economic burden including direct medical expenses, productivity losses, and psychosocial impacts and critically appraises health-economic evaluations such as cost-effectiveness and cost-utility studies. Policy analysis is conducted to explore international and national strategies, regulatory frameworks, and reimbursement mechanisms. Care models, including multidisciplinary teams, community-based programmes, telemedicine, and integrated care pathways, are also assessed. Results: Findings reveal considerable regional variation in disease burden, risk factors, and economic costs. Evidence supports the value of preventive measures, multidisciplinary clinics, and advanced wound-care technologies in improving health outcomes and cost efficiency. However, persistent gaps remain, including inequitable access to care, underfunding, workforce shortages, and socioeconomic disparities. Conclusions: A comprehensive, integrated approach is essential to effectively address diabetic foot disease. Strengthening preventive efforts, adopting innovative technologies, ensuring universal health coverage, and implementing data-driven policies can reduce the global burden, improve patient outcomes, and achieve cost-efficient, equitable care.

Published in	International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology (Volume 10, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijde.20251004.12
Page(s)	85-97
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Diabetic Foot Ulcers, Health Economics, Policy Strategies, Multidisciplinary Care, Cost-effectiveness, Universal Health Coverage

References

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APA Style

Shankar, A. (2025). Healthcare Economics and Policy in Diabetic Foot Care. International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology, 10(4), 85-97. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20251004.12

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Shankar, A. Healthcare Economics and Policy in Diabetic Foot Care. Int. J. Diabetes Endocrinol. 2025, 10(4), 85-97. doi: 10.11648/j.ijde.20251004.12

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AMA Style

Shankar A. Healthcare Economics and Policy in Diabetic Foot Care. Int J Diabetes Endocrinol. 2025;10(4):85-97. doi: 10.11648/j.ijde.20251004.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijde.20251004.12,
  author = {Anand Shankar},
  title = {Healthcare Economics and Policy in Diabetic Foot Care},
  journal = {International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology},
  volume = {10},
  number = {4},
  pages = {85-97},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijde.20251004.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20251004.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijde.20251004.12},
  abstract = {Background: Diabetic foot ailment is a severe and multifaceted complication of diabetes mellitus that imposes significant scientific, economic, and societal burdens worldwide. Its high prevalence, coupled with complications such as ulcers, infections, and amputations, contributes substantially to morbidity, mortality, and reduced quality of life. Aim: This chapter aims to examine diabetic foot care through the perspectives of health-care economics and policy, highlighting the global burden, associated costs, and strategies to improve outcomes. Methods: The chapter reviews epidemiological data on diabetic foot disease, analyses the economic burden including direct medical expenses, productivity losses, and psychosocial impacts and critically appraises health-economic evaluations such as cost-effectiveness and cost-utility studies. Policy analysis is conducted to explore international and national strategies, regulatory frameworks, and reimbursement mechanisms. Care models, including multidisciplinary teams, community-based programmes, telemedicine, and integrated care pathways, are also assessed. Results: Findings reveal considerable regional variation in disease burden, risk factors, and economic costs. Evidence supports the value of preventive measures, multidisciplinary clinics, and advanced wound-care technologies in improving health outcomes and cost efficiency. However, persistent gaps remain, including inequitable access to care, underfunding, workforce shortages, and socioeconomic disparities. Conclusions: A comprehensive, integrated approach is essential to effectively address diabetic foot disease. Strengthening preventive efforts, adopting innovative technologies, ensuring universal health coverage, and implementing data-driven policies can reduce the global burden, improve patient outcomes, and achieve cost-efficient, equitable care.},
 year = {2025}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Healthcare Economics and Policy in Diabetic Foot Care
AU  - Anand Shankar
Y1  - 2025/10/31
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20251004.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijde.20251004.12
T2  - International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology
JF  - International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology
JO  - International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology
SP  - 85
EP  - 97
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-1371
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20251004.12
AB  - Background: Diabetic foot ailment is a severe and multifaceted complication of diabetes mellitus that imposes significant scientific, economic, and societal burdens worldwide. Its high prevalence, coupled with complications such as ulcers, infections, and amputations, contributes substantially to morbidity, mortality, and reduced quality of life. Aim: This chapter aims to examine diabetic foot care through the perspectives of health-care economics and policy, highlighting the global burden, associated costs, and strategies to improve outcomes. Methods: The chapter reviews epidemiological data on diabetic foot disease, analyses the economic burden including direct medical expenses, productivity losses, and psychosocial impacts and critically appraises health-economic evaluations such as cost-effectiveness and cost-utility studies. Policy analysis is conducted to explore international and national strategies, regulatory frameworks, and reimbursement mechanisms. Care models, including multidisciplinary teams, community-based programmes, telemedicine, and integrated care pathways, are also assessed. Results: Findings reveal considerable regional variation in disease burden, risk factors, and economic costs. Evidence supports the value of preventive measures, multidisciplinary clinics, and advanced wound-care technologies in improving health outcomes and cost efficiency. However, persistent gaps remain, including inequitable access to care, underfunding, workforce shortages, and socioeconomic disparities. Conclusions: A comprehensive, integrated approach is essential to effectively address diabetic foot disease. Strengthening preventive efforts, adopting innovative technologies, ensuring universal health coverage, and implementing data-driven policies can reduce the global burden, improve patient outcomes, and achieve cost-efficient, equitable care.
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Anand Shankar

Department of Medicine, Netaji Subhash Medical College and Hospital, Patna, India

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0903-0332

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APA Style

Shankar, A. (2025). Healthcare Economics and Policy in Diabetic Foot Care. International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology, 10(4), 85-97. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20251004.12

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ACS Style

Shankar, A. Healthcare Economics and Policy in Diabetic Foot Care. Int. J. Diabetes Endocrinol. 2025, 10(4), 85-97. doi: 10.11648/j.ijde.20251004.12

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AMA Style

Shankar A. Healthcare Economics and Policy in Diabetic Foot Care. Int J Diabetes Endocrinol. 2025;10(4):85-97. doi: 10.11648/j.ijde.20251004.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijde.20251004.12,
  author = {Anand Shankar},
  title = {Healthcare Economics and Policy in Diabetic Foot Care},
  journal = {International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology},
  volume = {10},
  number = {4},
  pages = {85-97},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijde.20251004.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20251004.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijde.20251004.12},
  abstract = {Background: Diabetic foot ailment is a severe and multifaceted complication of diabetes mellitus that imposes significant scientific, economic, and societal burdens worldwide. Its high prevalence, coupled with complications such as ulcers, infections, and amputations, contributes substantially to morbidity, mortality, and reduced quality of life. Aim: This chapter aims to examine diabetic foot care through the perspectives of health-care economics and policy, highlighting the global burden, associated costs, and strategies to improve outcomes. Methods: The chapter reviews epidemiological data on diabetic foot disease, analyses the economic burden including direct medical expenses, productivity losses, and psychosocial impacts and critically appraises health-economic evaluations such as cost-effectiveness and cost-utility studies. Policy analysis is conducted to explore international and national strategies, regulatory frameworks, and reimbursement mechanisms. Care models, including multidisciplinary teams, community-based programmes, telemedicine, and integrated care pathways, are also assessed. Results: Findings reveal considerable regional variation in disease burden, risk factors, and economic costs. Evidence supports the value of preventive measures, multidisciplinary clinics, and advanced wound-care technologies in improving health outcomes and cost efficiency. However, persistent gaps remain, including inequitable access to care, underfunding, workforce shortages, and socioeconomic disparities. Conclusions: A comprehensive, integrated approach is essential to effectively address diabetic foot disease. Strengthening preventive efforts, adopting innovative technologies, ensuring universal health coverage, and implementing data-driven policies can reduce the global burden, improve patient outcomes, and achieve cost-efficient, equitable care.},
 year = {2025}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Healthcare Economics and Policy in Diabetic Foot Care
AU  - Anand Shankar
Y1  - 2025/10/31
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20251004.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijde.20251004.12
T2  - International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology
JF  - International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology
JO  - International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology
SP  - 85
EP  - 97
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-1371
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20251004.12
AB  - Background: Diabetic foot ailment is a severe and multifaceted complication of diabetes mellitus that imposes significant scientific, economic, and societal burdens worldwide. Its high prevalence, coupled with complications such as ulcers, infections, and amputations, contributes substantially to morbidity, mortality, and reduced quality of life. Aim: This chapter aims to examine diabetic foot care through the perspectives of health-care economics and policy, highlighting the global burden, associated costs, and strategies to improve outcomes. Methods: The chapter reviews epidemiological data on diabetic foot disease, analyses the economic burden including direct medical expenses, productivity losses, and psychosocial impacts and critically appraises health-economic evaluations such as cost-effectiveness and cost-utility studies. Policy analysis is conducted to explore international and national strategies, regulatory frameworks, and reimbursement mechanisms. Care models, including multidisciplinary teams, community-based programmes, telemedicine, and integrated care pathways, are also assessed. Results: Findings reveal considerable regional variation in disease burden, risk factors, and economic costs. Evidence supports the value of preventive measures, multidisciplinary clinics, and advanced wound-care technologies in improving health outcomes and cost efficiency. However, persistent gaps remain, including inequitable access to care, underfunding, workforce shortages, and socioeconomic disparities. Conclusions: A comprehensive, integrated approach is essential to effectively address diabetic foot disease. Strengthening preventive efforts, adopting innovative technologies, ensuring universal health coverage, and implementing data-driven policies can reduce the global burden, improve patient outcomes, and achieve cost-efficient, equitable care.
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download