Exploring Self-Management Practices Among Patients with Diabetes in Government Hospitals in the Upper West Region of Ghana
Stephen Kpekura,
Jerry Paul Kukye-Ayiri Ninnoni,
Samuel Victor Nuvor
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
35-40
Received:
17 September 2018
Accepted:
28 September 2018
Published:
25 October 2018
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic progressive metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycaemia mainly due to absolute or relative deficiency of insulin hormone. The study aimed at exploring the level of self-management practices among diabetes patients receiving care in public hospitals in the Upper West Region of Ghana. The research was a cross-sectional survey adopting stratified sampling technique to select 201 respondents. A questionnaire was used in the study for data collection with a reliability coefficient of 0.8. The data was analyzed using the SPSS version 21. Adherence to proper self-management practices was high with a mean percentage of 64.7%. Demographic factors of diabetes patients did not have any effect on their Self-Management Practices (p>0.05). There were differences in Self-Management practices among group of diabetes patients receiving care at different hospitals (p<0.05). In conclusion, most diabetes patients in the Upper West Region adhered correctly to self-management practices. However, they needed to improve upon the management on monitoring of blood sugar level and foot care. There was a difference in self-management practices of diabetes patients who received care at Wa and Lawra. It was also found that sex, gender, district of location, occupation, and income among others did not have influence on self-management practice.
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic progressive metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycaemia mainly due to absolute or relative deficiency of insulin hormone. The study aimed at exploring the level of self-management practices among diabetes patients receiving care in public hospitals in the Upper West Region of Ghana. The research was a cross-sec...
Show More
Effects of Insulin Resistance Induced by Dexamethasone on Bone Mass in Ovariectomized Rats
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
41-49
Received:
17 September 2018
Accepted:
11 October 2018
Published:
7 November 2018
Abstract: Glucocorticoids therapy is the most common cause of secondary iatrogenic osteoporosis.The bone loss occurs predominantly due to a decrease in bone formation, although increased bone resorption also occurs. Insulin resistance is the key pathology in type 2 diabetes negatively influence bone remodeling and leads to reduced bone strength. Loss of sex steroids, particularly oestradiol, as in ovariectomized rats,leads to increased skeletal remodeling over and above the age-related increment, together with excessive osteoclast activity. In this study, ovariectomy DEX group has highly significant increase in relative cortical resorptioncompared to ovaiectomy and sham DEX groups, also ovariectomy and DEX group has highly significant decrease in bone thickness compared to ovariectomy and sham DEX groups. The consequent increase in remodeling activation increases the overall resorption rate without a compensatory increase in formation, leading to rapid bone loss.This negative effect on bone which is due to the glucocorticoid excess is also mediated by indirect mechanisms such as the calcium malabsorption and hypercalciuria. In response to the enhanced supply of calcium from the skeleton, PTH secretion tends to be diminished, thereby reducing vitamin D [1,25(OH)2 cholecalciferol] concentration with a consequent reduction in calcium absorption.
Abstract: Glucocorticoids therapy is the most common cause of secondary iatrogenic osteoporosis.The bone loss occurs predominantly due to a decrease in bone formation, although increased bone resorption also occurs. Insulin resistance is the key pathology in type 2 diabetes negatively influence bone remodeling and leads to reduced bone strength. Loss of sex ...
Show More
