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Prevalence and Presentation of Diabetes-Related Hypoglycemia Amongst Persons with Diabetes in a Tertiary Health Instition in Nigeria
Ohenhen Oluwatoyin Abisoye,
Uwameiye Oseribhor
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2020
Pages:
34-40
Received:
23 November 2019
Accepted:
22 July 2020
Published:
18 August 2020
Abstract: Background: Hypoglycaemia is the most common acute complication of Diabetes Mellitus and often treatment-limiting, serious adverse effect of intensive diabetes therapy. Although it is preventable, hypoglycaemic episodes, especially if severe or recurrent may result in significant psychosocial dysfunction and lower quality of life. Aim: To determine the prevalence, frequency and timing of diabetes-related hypoglycaemia amongst persons with diabetes mellitus. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study involving patients attending the diabetes clinic and selected using systematic random sampling. An interviewer- administered questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographic characteristics as well as experience of hypoglycaemia in the past 12months and severity graded. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 21.0, IBM SPSS Statistics, New York, USA Result: A total of 216 patients were recruited for the study. Eighty nine patients (41.2%) reported experiencing hypoglycaemia, out of which 46 (51.7%) occurred in the morning before breakfast and 16 (18.0%) experienced severe Hypoglycaemia. Skipped meal (58.4%) and overdose of GLA (31.5%) were the most common recognized causes of hypoglycaemia. Level 1 hypoglycaemia was the commonest grade of hypoglycaemia, while males and those on insulin alone had higher odds of having hypoglycaemia (P=0.059). Conclusion: The reported prevalence of hypoglycaemia amongst persons with diabetes mellitus within the last one year prior to the study was rather high which shows that hypoglycaemia is a common experience amongst type 2 diabetic undergoing management. Continuous patient education on the risks, causes, symptoms, and treatment of hypoglycaemia as well as self-monitoring of blood glucose is recommended for every person with diabetes at every health visits.
Abstract: Background: Hypoglycaemia is the most common acute complication of Diabetes Mellitus and often treatment-limiting, serious adverse effect of intensive diabetes therapy. Although it is preventable, hypoglycaemic episodes, especially if severe or recurrent may result in significant psychosocial dysfunction and lower quality of life. Aim: To determine...
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Role of Comprehensive Diabetes Care in Known Diabetes Patients from Vidarbha Region
Rohit Sane,
Rahul Mandole,
Gurudatta Anand Amin,
Pravin Ghadigaokar,
Sneha Paranjape,
Komal Vasnik,
Sumera Sabir,
Rupali Kaware,
Rakesh Kukade
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2020
Pages:
41-46
Received:
13 July 2020
Accepted:
27 July 2020
Published:
3 September 2020
Abstract: Introduction: Number of patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) have been doubled in past few decades. India is particularly facing impending massive rise in number of diabetic cases, and therefore India is termed as Diabetes capital of the world by most of the clinicians. Worryingly, prevalence in Vidarbha region in India is rising and its figure as per published literature is >5%. Comprehensive diabetes care (CDC) is form of Ayurvedic therapy which combines panchkarma techniques and herbal drugs. Aims and objectives: The present study was initiated to evaluate the effectiveness of CDC in patients of DM in terms of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), body weight, abdominal girth, etc. in Vidarbha region of India. Materials and methods: The present observational study was conducted across various Madhavbaug clinics in Vidarbha region of India. Data of the patients who were diagnosed with DM i.e. HbA1c>6.5% and received CDC therapy of 6 settings over 12 weeks was analysed. Results: In the present study, out of 293 type 2 diabetic patients, 179 were males (61%), while 114 were females (39%), thus male: female ratio was 1.57:1. At the end of 12 weeks of CDC therapy, number of patients with controlled DM (154) was significantly increased as compared to baseline (0), while the HbA1c also reduced from 6.89 at week 12 as compared to 8.45 at baseline, which was statistically significant. Other parameters like BMI, abdominal girth, etc. were significantly improved after 12 weeks of CDC therapy. Conclusion: Given the findings of present study, CDC therapy can be used as efficacious alternative form of therapy in the management of DM.
Abstract: Introduction: Number of patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) have been doubled in past few decades. India is particularly facing impending massive rise in number of diabetic cases, and therefore India is termed as Diabetes capital of the world by most of the clinicians. Worryingly, prevalence in Vidarbha region in India is rising and its figure as ...
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Role of Supplementations of Combined Vitamins with Minerals on Iodine Status in Pregnant Women in Bulgaria
Anna-Maria Borissovа,
Ludmila Ivanova,
Boyana Trifonova,
Lilia Dakovska,
Eugenia Mihailova,
Mircho Vukov
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2020
Pages:
47-53
Received:
10 September 2020
Accepted:
6 October 2020
Published:
13 October 2020
Abstract: Underestimating the risk of iodine deficiency among the population and its impact on high risk groups such as pregnant women and children creates a serious problem for the health care system. The aim of the present study is to establish the current iodine status in pregnant women in Bulgaria and to clarify the importance of additional supplementation with combined vitamins and minerals (including iodine). Material: We included 537 non selected in advance pregnant women, avarage age 30.49±5 years (95% CI: 30.06 - 30.91), median – 30 (18-47) (95% CI: 30 - 31). More than 50% (271/537) of pregnant women took only vitamins with minerals or combined with other medications. Methods: After completing a personal Questionnaire, each pregnant woman followed the study protocol: sample for TSH and TPOAb (ECLIA method) morning urine to determine the iodine concentration by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); ultrasound examination to determine the volume of the thyroid gland. Results: The mean concentration of iodine in urine for the whole group of pregnant women (n-537) was 181.60±93.97 µg / L, median 170 µg / L (20th percentile – 102 µg / L, 80th percentile – 248 µg / L). According to the criterion “additional supplementation” three groups of pregnant women were formed – A (79, 14.71%) – not taking anything, B (271, 50.47%) – taking combined vitamins with minerals (including iodine), C (187, 34.82%) – taking medicines other than vitamins. The highest is the average level of iodine in urine in Group B – 191.08±95.42 µg / L and the lowest in Group A – 162.91±93.23 µg / L, P < 0.01. If combined vitamins with minerals (including iodine) are taken, it will be significantly less common to have low iodine in urine – Group B – 31.1% against Group A – 53.2%, P < 0.033 i.e. there is a greater chance to normalize the level of iodine in the body. The supplementation with combined vitamins with minerals (including iodine) increased the percentage of pregnant women with over-optimal iodine in urine (> 250 µg / L) – 23.3% against 15.6% of these not taking combined vitamins with minerals (P < 0.04). No association was found between iodine in urine and thyroid volume, nor with abnormalities in TSH or TPOAb levels. Conclusion: The additional intake of combined vitamins with minerals (including iodine) contributes to the normal level of iodine in urine in pregnant Bulgarian women.
Abstract: Underestimating the risk of iodine deficiency among the population and its impact on high risk groups such as pregnant women and children creates a serious problem for the health care system. The aim of the present study is to establish the current iodine status in pregnant women in Bulgaria and to clarify the importance of additional supplementati...
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